山东警察学院学报

自我控制(Self-control)是自我意识的一个重要组成部分,指通过努力抑制短期的、令人满意的冲动去实现长远的、更有价值目标的一种能力。关于自我控制理论,主要存在三大学说,即力量模型、双系统模型和双动机模型。本研究采用张振声《警察心理控制能力问卷》等工具,以C市653名公安民警为样本,通过访谈等调研方法发现C市公安民警自我控制能力成正态分布,与年龄、性别存在显著相关,而与警龄、职务不存在显著相关,同时存在压力应对、自我表征、想法抑制、抗拒诱惑、睡眠质量、控制过度等影响自我控制能力的损耗情形,提出通过开展心理训练、强化警察意识、加强心理选拔和科学管理等途径提高民警自我控制策略的建议。

Self-control is a crucial component of self-awareness, it refers to the ability to suppress shortterm satisfying impulses to achieve long-term, more valuable goals. There are three main theories on self-control: the willpower model, the dual-system model, and the dual-motive model. This study uses tools such as Zhang Zhensheng' s “Police Psychological Control Ability Questionnaire” and surveys 653 police officers in City C. Findings indicate that self-control ability follows a normal distribution, is significantly related to age and gender, but not to years of service or rank. Factors such as stress response, self-representation, thought inhibition, resistance to temptation, sleep quality, and over-control can deplete self-control. The study suggests enhancing self-control through psychological training, reinforcing police awareness, improving psychological selection, and scientific management.